{"id":15642,"date":"2022-04-26T16:20:35","date_gmt":"2022-04-26T14:20:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/mib.sk\/?post_type=study&p=15642"},"modified":"2022-09-09T16:26:52","modified_gmt":"2022-09-09T14:26:52","slug":"urbanisticka-studia-vyskoveho-zonovania","status":"publish","type":"study","link":"https:\/\/mib.sk\/en\/studia\/urbanisticka-studia-vyskoveho-zonovania\/","title":{"rendered":"Urbanistick\u00e1 \u0161t\u00fadia v\u00fd\u0161kov\u00e9ho z\u00f3novania"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
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Urbanistick\u00e1 \u0161t\u00fadia v\u00fd\u0161kov\u00e9ho z\u00f3novania<\/a> predstavuje smern\u00fd \u00fazemnopl\u00e1novac\u00ed podklad<\/strong>, na z\u00e1klade ktor\u00e9ho je mo\u017en\u00e9 usmer\u0148ova\u0165 rozvoj \u00fazem\u00ed na \u00farovni \u010fal\u0161\u00edch spodrob\u0148uj\u00facich \u00fazemnopl\u00e1novac\u00edch dokument\u00e1ci\u00ed, ak\u00fdmi s\u00fa \u00fazemn\u00e9 pl\u00e1ny z\u00f3n, urbanistick\u00e9 \u0161t\u00fadie, \u010di s\u00fa\u0165a\u017ee n\u00e1vrhov.  <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Na to, aby sa regulat\u00edvy, princ\u00edpy, z\u00e1sady a\u202fkrit\u00e9ri\u00e1 formulovan\u00e9 v\u202fUrbanistickej \u0161t\u00fadii v\u00fd\u0161kov\u00e9ho z\u00f3novania premietli do \u00fazemnopl\u00e1novacej praxe ako z\u00e1v\u00e4zn\u00e9 po\u017eiadavky uplat\u0148ovan\u00e9 pre jednotliv\u00e9 investi\u010dn\u00e9 z\u00e1mery, je potrebn\u00e9 ich zapracova\u0165 do \u00daPN hl. m. SR Bratislavy formou zmien a doplnkov<\/strong>. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Zmeny a\u202fdoplnky \u00daPN mesta pojedn\u00e1vaj\u00face o\u202fv\u00fd\u0161kovej zon\u00e1cii bud\u00fa metodick\u00fdmi zmenami, priamo naviazan\u00fdmi na v\u00fdzvy klimatick\u00fdch zmien, potrieb rie\u0161enia kvalitn\u00fdch verejn\u00fdch priestorov, kompaktn\u00fdch pl\u00f4ch parkovej zelene a\u202fintenzity zastavania \u00fazemia. T\u00e1to komplexn\u00e1 t\u00e9ma bude tvoren\u00e1 participat\u00edvnym sp\u00f4sobom a\u202fumo\u017en\u00ed op\u00e4tovne \u0161irok\u00fa diskusiu laickej i\u202fodbornej verejnosti s\u202fcie\u013eom skvalitni\u0165 \u017eivot v Bratislave. <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n

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V\u00fd\u0161kov\u00e9 z\u00f3novanie na Geoport\u00e1li<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

Urbanistick\u00e1 \u0161t\u00fadia sa sklad\u00e1 z dvoch \u010dast\u00ed: <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Analytick\u00e1 \u010das\u0165<\/strong> sa zaober\u00e1 pr\u00edkladmi zahrani\u010dnej a\u202fslovenskej praxe na dan\u00fa t\u00e9mu, analyzuje \u0161trukt\u00fary na \u00fazem\u00ed mesta Bratislava z\u202fr\u00f4znych h\u013ead\u00edsk, zaober\u00e1 sa vplyvmi vetra na v\u00fd\u0161kov\u00e9 stavby, rozober\u00e1 kompozi\u010dn\u00e9 princ\u00edpy uplat\u0148ovan\u00e9 na \u00fazem\u00ed mesta aj jestvuj\u00facimi v\u00fd\u0161kov\u00fdmi budovami, ako aj vplyvom dopravy na ich umiestnenie \u010di rie\u0161enia technickej infra\u0161trukt\u00fary.  <\/p>\n\n\n\n

N\u00e1vrhov\u00e1 \u010das\u0165<\/strong> sa venuje dvom \u0165a\u017eiskov\u00fdm t\u00e9mam, a\u202fto ur\u010denie v\u00fd\u0161kov\u00fdch hlad\u00edn pre v\u0161etky urbanizovate\u013en\u00e9 \u00fazemia mesta a\u202flokalit\u00e1m pre umiest\u0148ovanie v\u00fd\u0161kov\u00fdch domin\u00e1nt s\u202fur\u010den\u00edm ich maxim\u00e1lnej v\u00fd\u0161ky. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Hladiny – topografia<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

V\u00fd\u0161kov\u00e9 hladiny<\/strong> <\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Pre v\u0161etky urbanizovate\u013en\u00e9 \u00fazemia ur\u010duje \u0161t\u00fadia p\u00e4\u0165 v\u00fd\u0161kov\u00fdch hlad\u00edn<\/strong>, ktor\u00e9 vych\u00e1dzaj\u00fa z\u202fanal\u00fdz jestvuj\u00faceho stavu v\u202f\u00fazem\u00ed a\u202fcharakteristick\u00fdch urbanistick\u00fdch \u0161trukt\u00far na \u00fazem\u00ed mesta. V\u00fd\u0161kov\u00e1 hladina predstavuje priemet topografie ter\u00e9nu, ktor\u00fd kop\u00edruje v ur\u010denej v\u00fd\u0161ke s\u202fcie\u013eom vytvori\u0165 urb\u00e1nnu krajinu reflektuj\u00facu pr\u00edrodn\u00e9 danosti \u00fazemia mesta. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

H11<\/strong> je hladinou z\u00e1stavby rodinn\u00fdch domov a mestsk\u00fdch vilov\u00fdch \u0161tvrt\u00ed \u010di z\u00e1stavby na \u00fap\u00e4tiach Mal\u00fdch Karp\u00e1t alebo r\u00f4znych foriem rur\u00e1lnych \u0161trukt\u00far. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

H16<\/strong> predstavuje malopodla\u017en\u00e9 formy z\u00e1stavby preva\u017ene so 4. nadzemn\u00fdmi podla\u017eiami a\u202fare\u00e1ly ob\u010dianskej vybavenosti lok\u00e1lneho v\u00fdznamu ako napr. stavby z\u00e1kladn\u00fdch a\u202fstredn\u00fdch \u0161k\u00f4l. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

H21<\/strong> je hladina kompaktnej blokovej z\u00e1stavby pamiatkovej rezerv\u00e1cie a\u202fpamiatkovej z\u00f3ny centr\u00e1lnej mestskej oblasti, kontaktn\u00fdch \u00fazem\u00ed kompaktn\u00e9ho mesta a\u202fni\u017e\u0161\u00edch foriem mestsk\u00fdch obytn\u00fdch \u0161trukt\u00far. Predstavuje tie\u017e  komplexy ob\u010dianskej vybavenosti celomestsk\u00e9ho a\u017e nadmestsk\u00e9ho v\u00fdznamu ako s\u00fa napr. are\u00e1ly vysok\u00fdch \u0161k\u00f4l a\u202fje u\u010den\u00e1 tie\u017e pre modern\u00e9 blokov\u00e9 \u0161trukt\u00fary v\u202frozvojov\u00fdch a\u202ftransforma\u010dn\u00fdch \u00fazemiach. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

H30<\/strong> charakterizuje stabilizovan\u00fa s\u00eddliskov\u00fa z\u00e1stavbu preva\u017ene 8. podla\u017en\u00fdch objektov a\u202fje cie\u013eovou hladinou pre v\u00fdstavbu modern\u00fdch blokov\u00fdch \u0161trukt\u00far v\u202frozvojov\u00fdch a\u202ftransforma\u010dn\u00fdch \u00fazemiach. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

H46<\/strong> sa vyskytuje preva\u017ene v\u202fmestskej \u010dasti Petr\u017ealka v\u202fpodobe 15. podla\u017en\u00fdch doskov\u00fdch panelov\u00fdch domov pozd\u013a\u017e hlavnej urbaniza\u010dnej osi tvorenej pred\u013a\u017een\u00edm Jant\u00e1rovej cesty. T\u00fato hladinu pova\u017eujeme na \u00fazem\u00ed mesta za stabilizovan\u00fa a\u202fjej \u010fal\u0161\u00ed rozvoj na \u00fazem\u00ed mesta nepodporujeme. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Hladiny H11 \u2013 16- 21 \u2013 30 – 46<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n
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Pravidl\u00e1 pre hladinu 21m<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Pre ka\u017ed\u00fa hladinu s\u00fa ur\u010den\u00e9 pravidl\u00e1 pre dostavby, nadstavby \u010di in\u00e9 doplnenia \u0161trukt\u00fary, vr\u00e1tane umiestnenia akcentu v\u202f\u00fazem\u00ed a\u202fpravidl\u00e1 a\u202fz\u00e1sady pre vytv\u00e1ranie komplexn\u00e9ho mestsk\u00e9ho prostredia pri formovan\u00ed transforma\u010dn\u00fdch \u010di rozvojov\u00fdch \u00fazem\u00ed. \u0160t\u00fadia ur\u010duje ako sa stanovuje v\u00fd\u0161ka objektov vzh\u013eadom k\u202fur\u010den\u00fdm hladin\u00e1m v\u202fsvahovit\u00fdch \u00fazemiach \u010di v\u202frozsiahlych z\u00f3nach. Stanoven\u00edm v\u00fd\u0161kov\u00fdch hlad\u00edn sa stabilizuj\u00fa jestvuj\u00face charakteristick\u00e9 formy urbanistick\u00fdch \u0161trukt\u00far na \u00fazem\u00ed mesta, tak aby bola zachovan\u00e1 charakteristick\u00e1 mierka \u010di u\u017e kompaktn\u00e9ho mesta alebo obytn\u00fdch \u0161trukt\u00far a\u202fnedoch\u00e1dzalo k\u202fneprimeran\u00fdm kontrastom pri rie\u0161en\u00ed nov\u00fdch vstupov do \u00fazem\u00ed. Uplat\u0148uje sa pravidlo grad\u00e1cie a\u202fplynul\u00e9ho prechodu medzi jednotliv\u00fdmi hladinami v\u202fnadv\u00e4znosti na topografiu mesta.  <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Zaveden\u00edm v\u00fd\u0161kov\u00fdch hlad\u00edn sa vytv\u00e1raj\u00fa predpoklady pre \u010fal\u0161ie budovanie mesta ako homog\u00e9nneho s\u00eddla s\u202fkompaktnou mestotvornou blokovou z\u00e1stavbou v\u202fpolohe centra mesta a\u202fvn\u00fatorn\u00e9ho mesta so stabiliz\u00e1ciou malopodla\u017en\u00fdch foriem z\u00e1stavby vo vonkaj\u0161om meste s\u202fplynul\u00fdm prechodom do vo\u013enej krajiny. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Plynul\u00fd prechod hlad\u00edn <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
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S\u00fa\u010dasn\u00fd stav zast\u00fapenia hlad\u00edn v meste <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n
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N\u00e1vrh zast\u00fapenia hlad\u00edn v meste <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

V\u00fd\u0161kov\u00e9 dominanty <\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Na \u00fazem\u00ed mesta identifikujeme dva typy v\u00fd\u0161kov\u00fdch domin\u00e1nt:  <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Celomestsk\u00e9 dominanty<\/strong>, ktor\u00e9 vstupuj\u00fa do obrazu mesta pri pozorovacej vzdialenosti 10-15 km,\u202fs\u00fa vn\u00edmate\u013en\u00e9 z\u202fdia\u013ekov\u00fdch poh\u013eadov na mesto pri dynamickom vn\u00edman\u00ed mesta z\u202fpolohy vstupov na \u00fazemie mesta a\u202fvstupuj\u00fa tak do celkov\u00e9ho obrazu mesta ako s\u00fa\u010das\u0165 jeho identity.  <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Lok\u00e1lne dominanty<\/strong> s\u00fa vn\u00edmate\u013en\u00e9 zo vzdialenosti 5 km a\u202fmenej, s\u00fa vn\u00edmate\u013en\u00e9 v\u202fchr\u00e1nen\u00fdch poh\u013eadoch na mesto na \u00farovni z\u00f3ny. Do samotn\u00e9ho vn\u00edmania horizontu mesta z\u202fdia\u013ekov\u00fdch poh\u013eadov vstupuj\u00fa minim\u00e1lne. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Dia\u013ekov\u00fd poh\u013ead<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
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Chr\u00e1nen\u00fd poh\u013ead<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Ur\u010denie maxim\u00e1lnej v\u00fd\u0161ky<\/strong> pre v\u00fd\u0161kov\u00e9 budovy na \u00fazem\u00ed mesta vych\u00e1dza z\u202fpotreby chr\u00e1ni\u0165 charakteristick\u00fd identifika\u010dn\u00fd pr\u00edrodn\u00fd prvok mesta, ktor\u00fdm s\u00fa Mal\u00e9 Karpaty s\u202fvyhliadkou Kamz\u00edk<\/strong> a\u202fz\u202fpotreby zachova\u0165 ako hlavn\u00fd identifika\u010dn\u00fd prvok veduty mesta historick\u00fa dominantu Bratislavsk\u00e9ho hradu<\/strong>. Maxim\u00e1lnu v\u00fd\u0161ku ovplyv\u0148uj\u00fa aj \u0161pecifick\u00e9 limity, ako s\u00fa vetern\u00e9 podmienky na \u00fazem\u00ed mesta, trasy a\u202fpostupy letov\u00fdch prev\u00e1dzkov\u00fdch slu\u017eieb \u010di limity pamiatkovej ochrany, ktor\u00e9 s\u00fa aplikovan\u00e9 v\u202fchr\u00e1nen\u00fdch poh\u013eadoch na mesto. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Z\u202ftohto d\u00f4vodu j<\/span>e maxim\u00e1lna v\u00fd\u0161ka pre lok\u00e1lne dominanty<\/strong> ur\u010den\u00e1 v\u00fd\u0161kou vn\u00fatorn\u00e9ho n\u00e1dvoria hradu s\u202fnadmorskou v\u00fd\u0161kou 226 m n. m.<\/strong>, \u010do predstavuje relat\u00edvnu v\u00fd\u0161ku 90m.<\/strong> Za v\u00fd\u0161kov\u00e9 dominanty s\u202flok\u00e1lnym v\u00fdznamom a\u202fp\u00f4soben\u00edm pova\u017eujeme v\u00fd\u0161kov\u00e9 stavby s\u202frelat\u00edvnou v\u00fd\u0161kou od poslednej v\u00fd\u0161kovej hladiny H46, resp. od maxim\u00e1lnej v\u00fd\u0161ky akcentov v\u202f\u00fazemiach s\u202frelat\u00edvnou v\u00fd\u0161kou 60m po relat\u00edvnu v\u00fd\u0161ku 90m. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pre ur\u010denie maxim\u00e1lnej v\u00fd\u0161ky celomestsk\u00fdch domin\u00e1nt<\/strong> je k\u013e\u00fa\u010dov\u00e1 silueta Mal\u00fdch Karp\u00e1t  a\u202fzachovanie poh\u013eadu na zalesnen\u00e9 \u010dasti Karp\u00e1t. Preto je neprekro\u010dite\u013en\u00e1 v\u00fd\u0161ka pre v\u00fd\u0161kov\u00e9 budovy s\u202fcelomestsk\u00fdm p\u00f4soben\u00edm ur\u010den\u00e1 na z\u00e1klade maxim\u00e1lnej nadmorskej v\u00fd\u0161ky jestvuj\u00facej l\u00ednie z\u00e1stavby na svahoch Mal\u00fdch Karp\u00e1t, ktor\u00e1 sa pohybuje v\u202fpriemere vo v\u00fd\u0161ke 260 m n. m.<\/strong>, \u010do predstavuje relat\u00edvnu v\u00fd\u0161ku 120m.<\/strong>  Ur\u010denie maxim\u00e1lnej v\u00fd\u0161ky celomestsk\u00fdch domin\u00e1nt ovplyv\u0148uj\u00fa priamo letov\u00e9 a\u202fprev\u00e1dzkov\u00e9 slu\u017eby Medzin\u00e1rodn\u00e9ho letiska M. R. \u0160tef\u00e1nika, pre ktor\u00e9 predstavuje v\u00fd\u0161ka 309 m n. m., relat\u00edvna v\u00fd\u0161ka 169m<\/strong>, neprekro\u010dite\u013en\u00fa maxim\u00e1lnu v\u00fd\u0161ku na \u00fazem\u00ed mesta. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Poh\u013ead na Bratislavsk\u00fd hrad a\u202fMal\u00e9 Karpaty<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Ur\u010denie \u00fazem\u00ed<\/strong>, kde je mo\u017en\u00e9 umiest\u0148ova\u0165 v\u00fd\u0161kov\u00e9 dominanty, podlieha v\u00fdznamu v\u00fd\u0161kovej budovy.  <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Celomestsk\u00e9 dominanty<\/strong> je mo\u017en\u00e9 umiestni\u0165 len v\u202fr\u00e1mci \u00fazemia celomestsk\u00e9ho centra<\/strong> rozprestieraj\u00faceho sa na oboch brehoch Dunaja. Pri umiest\u0148ovan\u00ed v\u00fd\u0161kov\u00fdch budov v\u202f\u00fazem\u00ed je potrebn\u00e9 uplat\u0148ova\u0165 princ\u00edp grad\u00e1cie.<\/strong>  <\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u202fpravobre\u017enej \u010dasti celomestsk\u00e9ho centra nie je mo\u017en\u00e9 prekro\u010di\u0165 nadmorsk\u00fa v\u00fd\u0161ku 260 m n. m.  a\u202fpri umiest\u0148ovan\u00ed stavieb je nevyhnutn\u00e9 re\u0161pektova\u0165 dominantn\u00fd pr\u00edrodn\u00fd prvok v\u202f\u00fazem\u00ed, ktor\u00fd tvor\u00ed porast lu\u017en\u00fdch lesov tiahnuci sa pozd\u013a\u017e pravobre\u017en\u00e9ho n\u00e1bre\u017eia cez cel\u00e9 \u00fazemie mesta v\u202fminim\u00e1lnej \u0161\u00edrke 250m. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u202f\u013eavobre\u017enej \u010dasti n\u00e1bre\u017eia sa jedn\u00e1 o\u202fz\u00f3ny Chalupkova a\u202fPribinova, kde s\u00fa u\u017e realizovan\u00e9 mnoh\u00e9 v\u00fd\u0161kov\u00e9 stavby, niektor\u00e9 s\u00fa v\u202frealiz\u00e1cii \u010di s\u202fplatn\u00fdm \u00fazemn\u00fdm alebo stavebn\u00fdm povolen\u00edm. Je zn\u00e1me, \u017ee najvy\u0161\u0161ou stavbou v\u202f\u00fazem\u00ed bude objekt s\u202fv\u00fd\u0161kou 164,9 m, ktor\u00fd presahuje dodnes uplat\u0148ovan\u00e9 limity v\u202fdanom \u00fazem\u00ed a\u202fposunul tak maxim\u00e1lnu v\u00fd\u0161ku na \u00fazem\u00ed mesta na nov\u00e9 maximum.  <\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u202ftejto \u010dasti celomestsk\u00e9ho centra, kde v\u0161etky jestvuj\u00face stavby vytv\u00e1raj\u00fa kompaktn\u00fd \u201em\u00far\u201c s\u202fjednotnou v\u00fd\u0161kou, preto ch\u00e1peme ako maxim\u00e1lnu v\u00fd\u0161ku nadmorsk\u00fa v\u00fd\u0161ku 300 m n. m., kde v\u0161etky novoumiest\u0148ovan\u00e9 objekty musia jestvuj\u00facu kompaktn\u00fa hmotu vhodne kompozi\u010dne rozihra\u0165 pri uplatnen\u00ed princ\u00edpu grad\u00e1cie s\u202fd\u00f4razom na v\u00fdraz v\u202fsiluete mesta. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pre lok\u00e1lne dominanty<\/strong> s\u00fa prim\u00e1rne ur\u010den\u00e9 uzlov\u00e9 priestory \u0165a\u017eiskov\u00fdch rozvojov\u00fdch smerov<\/strong> mesta na strednom dopravnom okruhu, ktor\u00fd vymedzuje centrum mesta. Lok\u00e1lne dominanty je mo\u017en\u00e9 umiest\u0148ova\u0165 aj v\u202fniektor\u00fdch uzlov\u00fdch priestoroch \u0165a\u017eiskov\u00fdch rozvojov\u00fdch radi\u00e1l v\u202frozvojov\u00fdch \u00fazemiach pre potreby vytvorenia identifika\u010dn\u00fdch bodov \u00fazem\u00ed mestsk\u00fdch \u010dast\u00ed. Dominanty umiest\u0148ovan\u00e9 v\u202f\u0165a\u017eiskov\u00fdch uzlov\u00fdch priestoroch ako celospolo\u010densk\u00fdch centr\u00e1ch lok\u00e1lneho v\u00fdznamu m\u00f4\u017eu by\u0165 umiest\u0148ovan\u00e9 v\u202fskupinovej kompoz\u00edcii alebo ako solit\u00e9ry. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Kompozi\u010dn\u00fd v\u00fdkres<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n
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Celomestsk\u00e9 centrum <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

Krit\u00e9ri\u00e1 umiest\u0148ovania <\/strong>v\u00fd\u0161kov\u00fdch budov na \u00fazem\u00ed mesta, je potrebn\u00e9 uplat\u0148ova\u0165 pri ka\u017edej novonavrhovanej v\u00fd\u0161kovej stavbe na \u00fazem\u00ed mesta, \u010di u\u017e lok\u00e1lneho alebo celomestsk\u00e9ho v\u00fdznamu: <\/p>\n\n\n\n

  • mestotvorn\u00e9 funkcie<\/strong> – preferova\u0165 \u00fazemia s rozvojov\u00fdm potenci\u00e1lom ur\u010den\u00e9 v UPN mesta pre ob\u010diansku vybavenos\u0165 celomestsk\u00e9ho a nadmestsk\u00e9ho v\u00fdznamu a zmie\u0161ane \u00fazemia b\u00fdvania a ob\u010dianskej vybavenosti, s napojen\u00edm na kapacitn\u00e9 syst\u00e9my dopravy; <\/li>
  • mix funkci\u00ed<\/strong> – podporova\u0165 projekty zamerane na implement\u00e1ciu aktu\u00e1lnych trendov projektovania v\u00fd\u0161kov\u00fdch stavieb \u2013 objekty s mixom funkci\u00ed via\u017eucim sa na mobilitu, vytv\u00e1raj\u00facich pracovn\u00e9 pr\u00edle\u017eitosti a priestory pre viacer\u00e9 skupiny obyvate\u013estva; <\/li>
  • mierka \u0161trukt\u00fary<\/strong> – po\u017eadova\u0165 zapojenie navrhovan\u00e9ho objektu do jestvuj\u00facej \u0161trukt\u00fary, re\u0161pektuj\u00fac mierku prostredia; <\/li>
  • ekol\u00f3gia stavby<\/strong> – v technickom rie\u0161en\u00ed kl\u00e1s\u0165 doraz na ekol\u00f3giu stavby (\u201einteligentne\u201c budovy), energetick\u00fa efekt\u00edvnos\u0165, ktor\u00e1 priamo s\u00favis\u00ed s tvarovan\u00edm stavby a po\u017eiadavky s\u00favisiace s adapt\u00e1ciou na zmenu kl\u00edmy a\u202fvytv\u00e1ranie udr\u017eate\u013en\u00e9ho mestsk\u00e9ho prostredia a\u202fkvalitn\u00e9ho verejn\u00e9ho priestoru; <\/li>
  • s\u00fa\u0165a\u017e n\u00e1vrhov<\/strong> – po\u017eadova\u0165 vysok\u00fa kvalitu architektonick\u00e9ho rie\u0161enia v\u00fd\u0161kov\u00fdch stavieb \u2013 objektivizuj\u00face krit\u00e9rium pre porovnanie kvality architektonick\u00e9ho rie\u0161enia je spracovanie formou s\u00fa\u0165a\u017ee architektonick\u00fdch n\u00e1vrhov na podklade Magistr\u00e1tom hl. M. SR Bratislavy a\u202fMetropolitn\u00fdm in\u0161tit\u00fatom Bratislavy ods\u00fahlasen\u00e9ho zadania; <\/li>
  • celospolo\u010densky pr\u00ednos<\/strong> – pre obyvate\u013eov z\u00f3ny a mesto v podobe akt\u00edvneho verejne pr\u00edstupn\u00e9ho parteru, verejne pr\u00edstupnej vyhliadky a\u202fkvalitn\u00e9ho rie\u0161enia verejn\u00e9ho priestoru vr\u00e1tane kompaktn\u00fdch pl\u00f4ch verejnej parkovo upravenej zelene; <\/li>
  • tvar objektu ako symbol panor\u00e1my mesta<\/strong> – implement\u00e1cia navrhovan\u00fdch stavieb do 3D modelov a preverovanie p\u00f4sobenia nov\u00fdch v\u00fd\u0161kov\u00fdch budov v panoramatick\u00fdch poh\u013eadoch(chr\u00e1nen\u00fdch poh\u013eadoch a\u202fdia\u013ekov\u00fdch poh\u013eadoch) a 3D modeli mesta zo stanoven\u00fdch vyhliadkov\u00fdch bodov a dia\u013ekov\u00fdch poh\u013eadov (vytv\u00e1ranie topografickej siluety); <\/li>
  • IMHD<\/strong> – po\u017eadova\u0165 pri umiestnen\u00ed v\u00fd\u0161kov\u00fdch stavieb, ale aj in\u00fdch stavieb, v\u202fz\u00f3nach s vysok\u00fdmi prepravn\u00fdmi n\u00e1rokmi zabezpe\u010denie prepravy cestuj\u00facich kapacitn\u00fdmi dopravn\u00fdmi prostriedkami; <\/li>
  • kapacitn\u00e9 syst\u00e9my TI<\/strong> – zosumarizova\u0165 n\u00e1roky v\u0161etk\u00fdch pripravovan\u00fdch investi\u010dn\u00fdch aktiv\u00edt v danej lokalite a preveri\u0165 stav a kapacitu syst\u00e9mov TI minim\u00e1lne v rozsahu pr\u00edslu\u0161nej z\u00f3ny, v\u202fpr\u00edpade potreby zrealizova\u0165 nov\u00e9 kapacitne priv\u00e1dzacie a nap\u00e1jacie vedenia z celomestsk\u00fdch nadraden\u00fdch s\u00fastav, pri ve\u013ekom n\u00e1raste potrieb zrealizova\u0165 nov\u00e9 zariadenia aj na \u00farovni nadraden\u00fdch s\u00fastav; <\/li>
  • kvalita verejn\u00e9ho priestoru<\/strong> – pri umiestnen\u00ed navrhovan\u00fdch v\u00fd\u0161kov\u00fdch budov experiment\u00e1lne preveri\u0165 vetern\u00fa situ\u00e1ciu v \u00fazem\u00ed vo veternom tuneli alebo v simulovanom virtu\u00e1lnom prostred\u00ed, z h\u013eadiska kumulat\u00edvneho p\u00f4sobenia s\u202fostatn\u00fdmi budovami v okol\u00ed na kvalitu kontaktn\u00e9ho verejn\u00e9ho priestoru (eliminovanie nepriazniv\u00e9ho p\u00f4sobenia zv\u00fd\u0161enia veternosti a turbulencii v okol\u00ed budov). <\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n
    \r\n
    \r\n
    \r\n

    Hist\u00f3ria v\u00fd\u0161kovej zon\u00e1cie Bratislavy<\/h2>\r\n

    T\u00e9ma v\u00fd\u0161kov\u00e9ho z\u00f3novania rezonuje na p\u00f4de mesta u\u017e od roku 2007, kedy bola s podporou vtedaj\u0161ieho hlavn\u00e9ho architekta Prof. Ing. arch. \u0160tefana \u0160lachlu, PhD spracovan\u00e1 celomestsk\u00e1 \u0161t\u00fadia Koncepcia v\u00fd\u0161kov\u00fdch budov v Bratislave\/anal\u00fdzy. Analytick\u00e1 \u0161t\u00fadia ur\u010dila z\u00e1kladn\u00e9 princ\u00edpy koncepcie stanovovania v\u00fd\u0161kov\u00fdch hlad\u00edn z\u00e1stavby s kumul\u00e1ciou vy\u0161\u0161ej z\u00e1stavby v centre mesta a vo vn\u00fatornom meste s postupn\u00fdm klesan\u00edm v\u00fd\u0161ky z\u00e1stavby smerom k rur\u00e1lnym \u0161trukt\u00faram vonkaj\u0161ieho mesta a\u017e do vo\u013enej krajiny. \u0160t\u00fadia sa zaoberala najm\u00e4 limituj\u00facimi faktormi na \u00fazem\u00ed mesta vo vz\u0165ahu k v\u00fd\u0161kovej z\u00e1stavbe a ur\u010dila \u00fazemia vhodn\u00e9 pre lokaliz\u00e1ciu v\u00fd\u0161kov\u00fdch budov v podobe kumulovanej z\u00e1stavby. Z\u00e1rove\u0148 \u0161t\u00fadia vyjadrila potrebu stanovi\u0165 z\u00e1kladn\u00e9 krit\u00e9ri\u00e1 a objektivizova\u0165 maxim\u00e1lnu v\u00fd\u0161ku v\u00fd\u0161kov\u00fdch budov na \u00fazem\u00ed mesta Bratislava.

    \r\n\r\nNa podklade analytickej \u0161t\u00fadie bolo v roku 2012 pripraven\u00e9, prerokovan\u00e9 a aj \u0161tatut\u00e1rom mesta potvrden\u00e9 zadanie pre spracovanie Urbanistickej \u0161t\u00fadie v\u00fd\u0161kov\u00e9ho z\u00f3novania hl. m. SR Bratislavy.

    \r\n\r\nV roku 2016 bol spracovan\u00fd N\u00e1vrh urbanistickej \u0161t\u00fadie v\u00fd\u0161kov\u00e9ho z\u00f3novania, ktor\u00fd bol spracovan\u00fd v troch variantoch. Nult\u00fd variant vych\u00e1dzal z dnes platn\u00e9ho \u00fazemn\u00e9ho pl\u00e1nu a re\u0161pektoval \u00fazemn\u00fdm pl\u00e1nom stanoven\u00fa priestorov\u00fa regul\u00e1ciu rozvojov\u00fdch \u00fazem\u00ed. Pre v\u00fd\u0161kov\u00e9 dominanty ur\u010doval \u00fazemia, ktor\u00e9 u\u017e aj dnes v \u00daPN mesta predpokladaj\u00fa najintenz\u00edvnej\u0161iu z\u00e1stavbu.

    \r\n\r\nPrv\u00fd variant zjednocoval \u00fazemia do kompaktn\u00fdch blokov s d\u00f4razom na intenzifik\u00e1ciu centra mesta a vn\u00fatorn\u00e9ho mesta. Pre v\u00fd\u0161kov\u00e9 dominanty ur\u010doval \u00fazemia dne\u0161n\u00fdch kompozi\u010dn\u00fdch uzlov mesta a \u00fazemie celomestsk\u00e9ho centra na \u013eavom brehu Dunaja a pozd\u013a\u017e Einsteinovej ulice.

    \r\n\r\nDruh\u00fd variant vytv\u00e1ral homog\u00e9nne urbanistick\u00e9 celky s cie\u013eom \u010do najviac reflektova\u0165 pr\u00edrodn\u00e9 danosti mesta a stabilizova\u0165 jestvuj\u00face historick\u00e9 a obytn\u00e9 \u0161trukt\u00fary mesta, ktor\u00fdm v\u00fd\u0161kovo prisp\u00f4soboval aj ostatn\u00e9 \u00fazemia mesta. Pre umiest\u0148ovanie v\u00fd\u0161kov\u00fdch domin\u00e1nt ur\u010doval len \u00fazemie celomestsk\u00e9ho centra a s umiest\u0148ovan\u00edm \u010fal\u0161\u00edch v\u00fd\u0161kov\u00fdch stavieb v uzlov\u00fdch priestoroch mesta nepo\u010d\u00edtal.

    \r\n\r\nN\u00e1vrh urbanistickej \u0161t\u00fadie sa prerokov\u00e1val po\u010das \u0161tyroch mesiacov na prelome rokov 2016 a 2017. Vzh\u013eadom na to, \u017ee pripomienky boli k mnoh\u00fdm t\u00e9mam protichodn\u00e9, bolo zorganizovan\u00e9 aj stretnutie pri okr\u00fahlom stole v m\u00e1ji 2017 s odbornou verejnos\u0165ou, kde sa diskutovali najz\u00e1va\u017enej\u0161ie pripomienky a t\u00e9my \u0161t\u00fadie ako ot\u00e1zka maxim\u00e1lnej v\u00fd\u0161ky v\u00fd\u0161kov\u00fdch budov, umiestnenie lok\u00e1lnych domin\u00e1nt na \u00fazem\u00ed mesta, ur\u010denie v\u00fd\u0161ky z\u00e1stavby v svahovitom ter\u00e9ne, ur\u010denie jednotliv\u00fdch v\u00fd\u0161kov\u00fdch hlad\u00edn pre mesto, intenzita z\u00e1stavby vo vz\u0165ahu k v\u00fd\u0161ke z\u00e1stavby a stanovenie krit\u00e9ri\u00ed pre posudzovanie v\u00fd\u0161kov\u00fdch stavieb. Odborn\u00e1 verejnos\u0165 sa zhodla na rie\u0161en\u00ed t\u00fdchto k\u013e\u00fa\u010dov\u00fdch t\u00e9m, ktor\u00e9 s\u00fa premietnut\u00e9 v dopracovan\u00ed urbanistickej \u0161t\u00fadie. Nosnou my\u0161lienkou je zachovanie dominantn\u00e9ho postavenia mas\u00edvu Mal\u00fdch Karp\u00e1t a historickej dominanty Bratislavsk\u00e9ho hradu vo vedute mesta.

    \r\n\r\nVyhodnotenie pripomienok z prerokovania N\u00e1vrhu urbanistickej \u0161t\u00fadie, spracovan\u00e9 v roku 2018 \u2013 2019 zoh\u013eadnilo ako pripomienky z prerokovania tak aj n\u00e1zory odbornej verejnosti zo stretnutia pri okr\u00fahlom stole a priklonilo sa k dopracovaniu urbanistickej \u0161t\u00fadie v zmysle nult\u00e9ho variantu, variantu v s\u00falade s dnes platn\u00fdm \u00daPN mesta, aj vzh\u013eadom na to, \u017ee ostatn\u00e9 varianty by predstavovali ve\u013ea diel\u010d\u00edch zmien v regul\u00e1cii jestvuj\u00facich \u00fazem\u00ed funk\u010dn\u00fdch blokov a zasiahli by tak do pr\u00e1v vlastn\u00edkov.

    \r\n\r\nV j\u00fani 2021 sa prist\u00fapilo k vypracovaniu Urbanistickej \u0161t\u00fadie v\u00fd\u0161kov\u00e9ho z\u00f3novania hl. m. SR Bratislavy na z\u00e1klade vyhodnotenia pripomienok. \u0160t\u00fadia dopracovan\u00e1 v marci 2022 bola predlo\u017een\u00e1 v priebehu apr\u00edla na zasadnutia Komisie \u00fazemn\u00e9ho a strategick\u00e9ho pl\u00e1novania, \u017eivotn\u00e9ho prostredia a v\u00fdstavby Mestsk\u00e9ho zastupite\u013estva a Komisie pre kult\u00faru, m\u00e9di\u00e1 a ochranu kult\u00farneho dedi\u010dstva Mestsk\u00e9ho zastupite\u013estva. \u0160t\u00fadia bola predlo\u017een\u00e1 na rokovanie Mestskej rady a 27.4. bude predlo\u017een\u00e1 na rokovanie Mestsk\u00e9ho zastupite\u013estva, ktor\u00e9 predmetn\u00fd materi\u00e1l vezme uznesen\u00edm na vedomie.

    \r\n\r\nSpracovanie \u00fazemnopl\u00e1novacieho podkladu pre potreby spodrobnenia priestorovej regul\u00e1cie ur\u010denej v \u00daPN hl.m. SR Bratislavy bolo a je t\u00e9mou, ktor\u00e1 vyvol\u00e1va polemiku ako na strane odborn\u00edkov urbanistov, architektov, historikov a in\u017einierov, tak aj na strane investorov, developerov \u010di politikov. Preto je t\u00e1to t\u00e9ma z politick\u00e9ho h\u013eadiska nepopul\u00e1rna a vedenia mesta sa v priebehu rokov sna\u017eili problematiku s\u00edce rie\u0161i\u0165, ale fin\u00e1lne dopracovanie sa v\u017edy odkladalo. T\u00fdm sa pred\u013a\u017eil \u010das spracovania \u0161t\u00fadiu na dlh\u00fdch 10 rokov. Do tvorby \u0161t\u00fadie sa v\u202frokoch 2017 a\u017e 2018 zapojili aj architekti, investori \u010di in\u017einieri. Priestor pre nov\u00e9 vstupy od odbornej \u010di laickej verejnosti k\u202ftejto problematike bude op\u00e4\u0165 pri tvorbe zmien a\u202fdoplnkov \u00fazemn\u00e9ho pl\u00e1nu mesta, a tie\u017e pri tvorbe nov\u00e9ho \u00fazemn\u00e9ho pl\u00e1nu mesta. .

    \r\n\r\nV\u00fd\u0161kov\u00e1 zon\u00e1cia priamo s\u00favis\u00ed s priestorovou regul\u00e1ciou \u00fazem\u00ed mesta a v priemete do \u00daPN mesta bude musie\u0165 zoh\u013eadni\u0165 aj s\u00fa\u010dasn\u00e9 potreby adapt\u00e1cie mesta na klimatick\u00e9 zmeny \u010di nov\u00fd stavebn\u00fd z\u00e1kon.

    \r\n\r\nT\u00e9ma v\u00fd\u0161kovej zon\u00e1cie mesta a hlavne ur\u010denia maxim\u00e1lnej v\u00fd\u0161ky v\u00fd\u0161kov\u00fdch budov v Bratislave bude na\u010falej rezonova\u0165 ako rozporupln\u00e1 t\u00e9ma, ktor\u00e1 sa op\u00e4tovne bude komunikova\u0165 a prerokov\u00e1va\u0165 so \u0161irokou verejnos\u0165ou \u010di u\u017e pri tvorbe zmien a doplnkov \u00daPN hl. m. SR Bratislavy alebo pri tvorbe nov\u00e9ho \u00fazemn\u00e9ho pl\u00e1nu mesta.<\/p>\r\n \r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/div>\r\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Urbanistick\u00e1 \u0161t\u00fadia v\u00fd\u0161kov\u00e9ho z\u00f3novania predstavuje smern\u00fd \u00fazemnopl\u00e1novac\u00ed podklad, na z\u00e1klade ktor\u00e9ho je mo\u017en\u00e9 usmer\u0148ova\u0165 rozvoj \u00fazem\u00ed na \u00farovni \u010fal\u0161\u00edch spodrob\u0148uj\u00facich \u00fazemnopl\u00e1novac\u00edch dokument\u00e1ci\u00ed, ak\u00fdmi s\u00fa \u00fazemn\u00e9 pl\u00e1ny z\u00f3n, urbanistick\u00e9 \u0161t\u00fadie, \u010di s\u00fa\u0165a\u017ee n\u00e1vrhov.   Na to, aby sa regulat\u00edvy, princ\u00edpy, z\u00e1sady a\u202fkrit\u00e9ri\u00e1 formulovan\u00e9 v\u202fUrbanistickej \u0161t\u00fadii v\u00fd\u0161kov\u00e9ho z\u00f3novania premietli do \u00fazemnopl\u00e1novacej praxe ako z\u00e1v\u00e4zn\u00e9 po\u017eiadavky uplat\u0148ovan\u00e9 pre jednotliv\u00e9…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":14481,"template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"tags":[],"topic":[],"project_content_section":[],"project_status_section":[196],"section":[],"class_list":["post-15642","study","type-study","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","project_status_section-prerokovana-studia"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nUrbanistick\u00e1 \u0161t\u00fadia v\u00fd\u0161kov\u00e9ho z\u00f3novania - 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